A match is played by two teams, each consisting of not more than eleven players, one of whom is the goalkeeper. A match may not start if either team consists of fewer than seven players.
Official competitions
Up to a maximum of three substitutes may be used in any match played in an official competition organised under the auspices of FIFA, the confederations or the member associations.
The rules of the competition must state how many substitutes may be nominated, from three up to a maximum of seven.
Other matches
In national "A" team matches, up to a maximum of six substitutes may be used.
In all other matches, a greater number of substitutes may be used provided that :
In all matches, the names of the substitutes must be given to the referee prior to the start of the match. Any substitute whose name is not given to the referee at this time may not take part in the match.
To replace a player with a substitute, the following conditions must be observed:
Any of the other players may change places with the goalkeeper, provided that :
the referee is informed before the change is made
If a substitute or substituted player enters the field of play without the referee's permission :
If a player changes places with the goalkeeper without the referee's permission before the change is made :
A player who has been sent off before the kick-off may be replaced only by one of the named substitutes.
A named substitute who has been sent off, either before the kick-off or after play has started, may not be replaced.